Improving the yield is at the crux of rice (Oryza sativa L.) breeding. In order to monitor the yield of rice quickly, the correlation between chlorophyll relative content (SPAD) of functional leaves and yield of rice at different growth stages was performed to determine the optimum growth period for measuring SPAD value. The experiments of early rice and later rice were conducted on two rice varieties treated with different nitrogen fertilizer at the Zhongluotan base of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences. The results showed that the SPAD values of different rice varieties decreased with the growth process，but increased with the increase of nitrogen fertilizer level. With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer dosage, rice yield increased and then tended to remain stable, as well as the yield and its components of different nitrogen fertilizer treatments were significantly different in early and later rice (P<0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between SPAD value and yield of early and later rice functional leaves at the tillering stage (P<0.05), and both had the best fit. Therefore, the optimal effect is to predict rice yield at tillering stage. The results provide reference and basis for early prediction of rice yield under field conditions.

The entophytic fungi diversity in the fruit, shoot and leaf tissues of Exocarpium citri Grandis was studied by using medium tissue separation methods in the plantation of Exocarpium Citri Grandis in Huazhou City, Guangdong Province, and the morphology and Molecular biology combined methods to identify strains. The results showed that 404 endophytic fungi were isolated from 600 tissue blocks of orange fruit, branches and leaves. Based on morphological identification and molecular identification of ITS sequences, 379 entophytic fungi were initially identified and divided into 17 category, which were identified as Fusarium ,Colletotrichum, Lasiodiplodia, Diaporthe, Preussia, Nigrospora, Pestalotiopsis, Curvularia, Peniophora, Phyllosticta, Cladosporium, Mycosphaerella, Pseudocercospora, Epicoccum, Fomitopsis, Mucor, in which Colletotrichum and Diaporthe are dominant strains of Exocarpium Citri Grandis, with relative frequencies of 44.6% and 34.2%, much higher than other groups. The isolation rate of endophytic fungi in shoots was 91%. The results showed that the entophytic fungi distribution of citrus red had certain tissue specificity, which provided a new idea for further screening active Chinese medicinal components from entophytic fungi.

In order to prepare zinc oxide particles with antibacterial activity, using zinc nitrate and sodium hydroxide as raw materials, nanozinc oxide was prepared by hydrothermal method, and its antibacterial properties were studied. The effects of different factors including pH, reaction temperature, reaction time, and sodium hydroxide concentration on the particle size of nano-zinc oxide were systematically investigated by using particle size analysis, infrared spectroscopy analysis, scanning electron microscopy analysis and thermogravimetric analysis to obtain the optimal preparation conditions. Nano zinc oxide with uniform particle size and small particle size was obtained under the optimal operating condtions of a sodium hydroxide concentration of 0.2 mol/L, pH 12, a reaction temperature of 90 ℃, and a reaction time of 12 h. The results of antibacterial studies indicate that the nano-ZnO prepared has good antibacterial properties.

In order to prepare efficient, green and environmentally friendly adsorbents, This work was prepare bagasse grafting acrylamide copolymer was prepared by solution method. The adsorption effect and adsorption kinetics of alkali treated bagasse and graft copolymer on bromophenol blue (BPB) in aqueous solution were carried out. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to characterize its structure and morphology. The results showed that the alkali treatment and grafting processing increased the specific surface area of bagasse, and the adsorption capacities of modified bagasse were improved in the experimental pH range(2-9). In addition, the grafting copolymer has the strongest adsorption capacity for BPB. The adsorption capacity of BPB is 2.11 mg/g, the removal rate reached 70.43%, increased by 56.23% and 30.52% compared with bagasse and alkali treated bagasse, respectively. The adsorption kinetic of bagasse grafting copolymer for BPB is in accord with quasi-secondary kinetics Equation, the adsorption mechanism is mainly chemical adsorption.

This paper proposes an optimized calculation method for linear polymers with repeating units. The quantum chemistry calculation of CTS and CM-CTS is used as an example to exhibit the above optimization method by GaussView 6.0 software. The molecular structures, HOMO energy levels, electronic state density, atomic charge distribution, orbital coefficients, interactive group spacing, and chain flexibility have been discussed with scale and corrosion inhibition properties. The results indicate that CTS and CM-CTS are flexible molecules which are easily adsorbed by calcite due to its hydroxyl interaction with calcite facet. Compared with CTS, CM-CTS has a close scale inhibition and a better water solubility which expands the application of CM-CTS in water scale inhibition.

In order to study the effect of grafting reaction conditions onof the structure of hydroxypropyl starch graft copolymer, the graft copolymerization of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) onto hydroxypropyl starch was carried out by using potassium persulfate as initiator. The effect of reaction temperature, polymerization time and initiator dosage on graft copolymerization had been studied. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis(TGA), scanning electron microscope(SEM) were used to characterize the structure of the raw material and the graft copolymerization. The optimal result was as follows: ratio of initiator is 1%, reaction temperature is 60 ℃ and reaction time is 3 h, and the grafting rate reaches 55.3%. The grafted copolymerization not only causedthe crystallization and thermal stability of hydroxypropyl starch decreased, but also induced a morphological transition.

A cobalt-60 irradiation device、a Shore hardness tester and a microcomputer were used to investigate the effects of Yttrium oxide (Y2O3), Cerium oxide (CeO2) and Gadolinium oxide (Gd2O3) on the irradiation resistance of RRT silicone rubber. The controlled electronic universal test was used,and the properties of silicone rubber was characterized, The hardness, tensile strength, tear strength, tear elongation, and property of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber were discussed. The results showed that a small amount of rare earth oxides could enhance the mechanical properties of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber. The change of tensile strength, tear elongation and breaking force of RTV silicone rubber containing rare earth oxide before and after irradiation is less than that of RTV silicone rubber without irradiation additive. In addition, adding CeO2 silicone rubber had the best radiation resistance. Therefore, the rare earth oxide as a radiation resistant additive had a significant enhancement and stabilization effect on the radiation resistance of room temperature vulcanized silicone rubber.

It is necessary to master the combustion characteristics and dynamic behavior of the mixed raw materials (paper sludge mixed with coal/biomass). Through thermogravimetric experiments and distributed activation energy model method, the co-combustion characteristics and kinetic parameters of paper sludge and mixed coal/bagasse at different mixing ratios, at 10 ℃/min heating rate, under 20% oxygen /80% nitrogen atmosphere were studied. The results is as follows: 1) With the increasing of mixed coal ratio, the temperature range of the combustion process continued to narrow. The comprehensive combustion characteristic index increased first and then decreased again increased. The average activation energy increased to 219.41 kJ/mol (10Z90H), then fell. Within the scope of the low temperature, the mixing of sludge and the mixed coal could promote the reduction of mass residual rate of materials. The blend with high proportion of mixed coal could inhibit the reaction at high temperature stage. Above all, 90Z10H was the best mixing ratio of sludge and mixed coal. 2) With the increase of bagasse ratio, the ignition temperature first increased and then decreased, the burnout temperature kept dropping, the comprehensive combustion characteristic index increased continually and activation energy increased from 190.97 kJ/mol to 215.24 kJ/mol. In the low temperature stage, there was no obvious interaction between the two. To sum up, 50Z50Z was the optimal mixing ratio of sludge and bagasse.

The existence of multiple periodic solutions for a class of delayed Duffing-type equations was studied by using generalized Poincaré-Birkhoff fixed point theorem. Firstly, a series of constraints were added to a class of delayed Duffing-type equations f, and a Poincaré mapping was defined. By proving that the mapping was “torsional”, it was concluded that the mapping had at least two fixed points in the region. At last, the conclusion that the delayed Duffing equation f had an infinite number of periodic solutions under the constraints was proved.

To construct quasiinterpolation with higher accuracy for scattered data of plane, a new quasiinterpolation of interpolation form was constructed by merging quasi-interpolation technique and interpolation method regarding the advantages of interpolation function and its higher accuracy. The error analysis and numerical experiment were performed, the results showed that the new quasi-interpolation of interpolation form could be used very efficiently for scattered data approximated of plane.

Pomelo seed oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, limonins, flavonoids and other bioactive substances. It can be used as edible oil and functional food raw materials. The chemical constituents and physicochemical properties of pomelo seed oil were reviewed, and the extraction methods and refining methods of pomelo seed oil, and the separation and purification of bioactive substances from pomelo seed oil were studied and analyzed. It provided a train of thought for the comprehensive development and high value utilization of pomelo seed oil.

Qiamagu is a Uyghur traditional medicine and food plant, mainly containing polysaccharides, flavonoids, glucosinolates, fatty acids and other compounds, with lowering blood sugar, enhancing immunity, anti-radiation, anti-cancer, anti-bacterial, inhibition of thyroxine synthesis, anti-mutation, anti-aging and anti-fatigue effects. The research status of functional ingredients, extraction technology and pharmacological effects of Qiamagu were described, and the prospects of the study of active ingredients in Qiamagu and the development of therapeutic products were pointed out.