In order to increase the utilization of pesticides, reduce losses and enable its slowly release in a specific environment. In this study, Tetrabutyltitanate(Ti)and Tannin( Ta) were used to modify Montmorillonite( Mt) to load Avermectin ( AVM).The obtained pH responsive drug sustained release system was named AVM@ Fe-Ta-TiPMt and AVM@ Cu-Ta-TiPMt.The structure of the clay samples were characterized by Thermogravimetricanalyzer(TGA),Fourier transform infraredspectroscopy(FTIR),X-ray diffraction( XRD)，etc.Thenanopartcials with an average of 345.72 nm of AVM@ Fe-Ta-TiPMt and 570.88 nm of AVM@ Cu-Ta-TiPMt and the Zate potential was - 38.09 mV and -32.88mV.Theeffect of different metal ion-chelated tannicacid-modified samples on the slow-release performance of AVM at different pH conditions was investigated. The results showed that the cumulative release rate of AVM in AVM@ Fe-Ta-TiPMt (85% ) under neutral conditions was higher than that in AVM@ TiPMt (77%)， and the cumulative release rate of AVM in AVM@ Cu-Ta-TiPMt(51.4% ) under neutral conditions was lower than that of its cumulative release rate at both pH 4 and 9. Indicating that this pH-responsive nano sustained relcase system cnables the relcase of pesticide in specific cnvironments.

In order to enhance the hydrophilicity and acid-base resistance of the polyether-modified trisiloxane, this study optimized its reaction conditions and explored the influence of the ratio of the double ether on the properties of the polyether-modified trisiloxane. The results showed that the bis-polyether was successfully grafted onto trisiloxane, and the optimized reaction conditions were as follows: the ratio of polyether to trisiloxane was 1.1:1, the reaction temperature was 105 ℃ , the reaction time was 5 h, and the catalyst dosage was 0.002 0%, and the conversion rate of trisiloxane was 95%. The synthesized bispolyether co-modified trisiloxane surfactant has low surface tension and can be used stably under alkaline conditions; the surface tension value of its aqueous solution reaches 19.3 mN·m-', with a turbidity point of 28 ℃， which is casily hydrolyzed under pH 4 and can stably exist for 30 d under pH 7and pH 10.

Amino acid surfactant products are favored by the market due to their low irritation and high environmental protection. In order to prepare amino acid surfactant products with antioxidant and antibacterial effects, Ginkgo biloba leaves extract was prepared by using Ginkgo biloba leaves as raw materials and ethanol-water as extractant. Then, the extract was compounded with amino acids to prepare amino acid clcansing paper soap containing Ginkgo biloba extract ( referred to as paper soap) , and its physical and chemical properties,antioxidant properties and antibacterial properties were studied. The results showed that the optimal extraction process was as follows: extraction time of 10 min, ethanol volume fraction of 60% , extraction temperature of 70 ℃ , solid-liquid ratio of 1:30 ( g/mL)，and the extraction rate reached to 3.76%. The mass fractions of Chloride,water volatile substances, phosphates, and total effective substances in the produced paper soap were 0.016%，13.8%，0.00% ,and 73.7% , respectively, all of which met the national standards. The pH value of the paper soap is close to that of human skin, which is weakly acidic, and the foaming power is above500%. It has certain DPPH(1，1-di-phenyl-2-trinitrophenylhydrazine)free radical scavenging ability and antibacterial ability. The self-made paper soap not only has excellent physical and chemical properties, but also has antibacterial and antioxidant functions.

The stability of temperature inside the pigeonhouse directly affects the egg production rate of breeding pigeons and the growth quality of meat pigeons. In order to maintain a stable hot and humid environment in the pigeonhouse, two air conditioning schemes were proposed. The difference in supply and return water temperature and energy efficiency of the two schemes were compared, and the scheme with strong energy-saving performance was prioritized. Using the Transient System Simulation Program simulation method, two simulation models were built for the two schemes, and the water temperature difference and energy efficiency of the air conditioning supply and return during the refrigeration season were compared and analyzed. The average temperature difference between supply and return water in Scheme I(3.92 ℃)is higher than Scheme I(1.67 ℃)， with a heat pump energy-saving rate of 11.6% and a water system energy-saving rate of 30.05%. Scheme II has better energy-saving performancethan Scheme I.Scheme Ⅱ is suggested to be used as the environmental regulation plan for this pigeonhouse.

To study the mechanical properties of reactive powder concrete (RPC)at different ages under normal temperature curing, the RPCmix ratio of C100,C120and C140 was designed based on the most compact packing principle, and the compressive strength and axial compressive strength were measured by the standard method. The results indicated that theRPC prism was split into pieces from top to bottom.RPC compressive strength and axial compressive strength generally increased with curing age. Under the C140strength ratio,the compressive strength developed slowly in the early stage, while the axial compressive strength developed slowly in the early(7 ~28 d) and late stages(56 ~128 d)，but increased rapidly in the middle stage(28 ~56 d).RPC axial compressive strength shows a strong linear relationship with compressive strength , and a logarithmic relationship with curing age. The fitting curves were in good agreement with the experimental results. Under normal temperature curing，RPC strength has an obvious trend of continuous growth with the curing age, and possesses good engineering application prospects.

Reinforced concrete structures inevitably develop cracks during the construction stage. In acorrosive environment,corrosion agents penetrate the concrete through the existing cracks, leading to the corrosion of the steel reinforcement within the concrete. This significantly impacts the reliability and durability of the structure, which requires a solutions to resolve the problem. This study primarily investigated the permeability of chloride ions in damaged concrete in a corrosive environment.The degradation mechanisms of concrete structures immersed in a corrosive environment was analyzed. The corrosion patterns of steel reinforcement were simulated and tracked through experiments, and the corrosion mechanisms of the steel reinforcement were analyzed.Furthermore, the cracking behavior induced by corroded steel reinforcement in concrete structures was examined, and the degradation patterns of corrosion was studied.Predictive models was established. The results indicate that when initial cracks exceeded 80 μm, the permeability of chloride ions within the concrete significantly increased, which rendering the protective layer ineffective. Through this research , reasonable and timely maintenance guidance can be provided for the operation of reinforced concrete structures with existing cracks in corrosive environments. This helps ef-fectively prevent secondary structural damage such as surface expansion, spalling,exposure of reinforcement , and rust stains caused by further corrosion of the steel reinforcement , ultimately extending the service life of reinforced concrete structures.

The backwardness of rural water supply system is one of the bottlenecks that restrict the high quality development of social economy. In this paper, a mountainous town in Pearl River Delta，including 246 economic communities assigned to 22 administrative villages was taken as representative. By means of on-site inspection，residents interviews, facilities inspection, and water release, the type of water sources, water treatment facilities,pipe networks, as well as water supply system management were thoroughly investigated within the communities. Results showed that the main water sources were listed in a descending order: mountain spring water (34.2% , counts by economic communities, similarly here in after)，river water(32.5%)，mixed water(31.3%)，underground water(2.0%).Water treatment technologies adopted were listed in a descending order: full traditional water purification technology(FT-WPT)(32.5%)，reservoirs(30.1%),FTWPT and distributed wells(27.2% ) ， reservoir equipped withfilter (5.7%)， FTWPT andrescrvoirs(4.1%)，wells(0.4%).PVC shallow buried was mostly used compared to standards. But it was susceptible to collision, pressure and sunlight, which brings potential risks to water quality. The satisfaction rates on water quality were 71.1% ( daily ) and 55.7% ( rainstorm)，respectively. Complaints on water flow or pressure reached as high as 55.3%. There was a gap between water metering and payment, which reflected from that 73.2% of the communities equipped water meter for each household, compared to that only 32.5% payed for the water. This paper summarized the problems existing in the water supply system, solutions were also prospected in smart perspectives.

Relying on the development of sccondary industry, the Pearl River Delta region was characterized by high urbanization, dense population, and shortage of land resources and living space. However, there were a large number of traditional village remains in the region, most of which were vacant or abandoned due to the dirty environment and the inablity to meet the needs of modern living. Based on the purpose of reusing the vacant traditional villages and improving the environmental production efficiency of rural public space, Jiaoshe Arca of Dongkeng Town, especially the waterfront public space, was selected as the research object to study for revitalizing the vacant traditional village public spaces. Through the methods of overall traffic activation and adaptive transformation of the waterfront revetment environment, strategic suggestions for spatial renewal and utilization of traditional villages, the optimization of the water-front revetment environment, and building of beautiful villages were provided. Waterfront adaptive transformation could help alleviate the shortage of space resources, thus improve the living cnvironment for villagers, protect traditional village buildings and enhance the green and sustainable development of the living environment.

The issues of publicness and design strategies related to edible landscapes in urban and rural public spaces are delved in this paper by drawing upon the lens of ecological settlement theory. Edible landscape goes beyond the mere arrangement of edible organisms within landscape design, but also foster community cohesion and participation. By employing theoretical frameworks，conducting literature research, and examining historical case studies, this paper examined the origins,driving forces, and spatial implications of the concepts of edible landscapes and edible cities. Specifically, the manifestations and significance in terms of publicness across material, social,and spatial dimensions were explored.Strategies and recommendations aimed at cnhancing the publicness of edible landscapes were summarized. Edible landscapes posscss resilient potential in constructing and integrating urban public spaces,shaping intangible and dynamic spatial forms, and fostering cohesion in rural public spaces. Based on the settlement theory, this paper places emphasis on the interaction and connection between“human-nature”and“human-human”， thereby establishing a preliminary framework for defining the applicability of edible landscapes in urban and rural public spaces. The current work provides a theoretical foundation and practical insights for the design and implementation of edible landscapes.

This paper reviewed the application of nanotechnology in plant hormones, including the influence of nanoparticles on endogenous plant hormones and the application of nanopartical-exogenous plant hormone composite particles in plants, and proposed prospects for the application of nanotechnology in plant hormones.