Abstract:Camellia oleifera is a unique woody oil plant in China,which is widely distributed in the acidic red soil area south of the Yangtze River. As a common abiotic stress,aluminum stress has a great impact on the growth and development of Camellia oleifera. The effects of aluminum stress on the growth,development and physiological and biochemical indexes of Camellia oleifera were summarized in this paper. The latest reports on the stress response mechanism of Camellia oleifera and the molecular basis of aluminum tolerance of Camellia oleifera, as well as the various physiological pathways of phosphorus to alleviate the stress of Camellia oleifera.The to future research on the aluminum stress and aluminum tolerance of Camellia oleifera was prospected in order to provide a scientific basis for the development of Camellia oleifera industry.