The aim of this study was to clone duck SHH gene and detect its tissue expression. The hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary tissue samples were collected from Shanma duck, and RNA was extracted for reverse transcription.The SHH gene was cloning and the expression level was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. In this study, 878 bp cDNA sequence of Shanma duck SHH gene was cloned, including 113 bp 5′ UTR and 765 bp coding sequence, encoding 255 amino acids. Amino acid sequence homology analysis showed that Shanma duck SHH gene shared high homology with other birds SHH and was highly conserved among species. The expression of Shanma duck SHH gene in hypothalamus was significantly higher than that in pituitary and follicular tissues (P<0.01) , and the expression in larger yellow follicles was significantly lower than that in large white follicles and small yellow follicles (P<0.01) . This study laid a foundation for subsequent functional analysis of the SHH gene.

As an important component of innate immunity, inflammatory bodies play an important role in the body's immune response and disease development. ASC is a key protein in the inflammatory body that connects cytoplasmic receptors and Caspase-1. In order to further understand the inflammatory system of goose, the primers were designed with reference to the predicted sequence report in NCBI (XM_013201308.1) , and the ASC gene of Magang goose was cloned, and bioinformatics analysis and tissue expression difference were carried out. The results showed that the complete ORF region of the go-ASC gene was 663 bp in length and encoded 220 amino acids. Homology analysis showed that the go-ASC gene sequence has low homology with that in mammals (41.0%～52.6%) , and the domain is also largely different. It only contains CARD domain and lacks PYD domain. The results of tissue expression showed that the go-ASC gene was mainly expressed in blood and mucosal epithelial tissues, and the expression level was the lowest in muscle tissue.

To study the effect of Clock gene on the geese reproductive cycle, six 2.5-year-old female Magang geese were selected during the peak laying period, the restoration period and the broodiness period, and samples of hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary were collected. The goose Clock gene was cloned and its expression level in different reproductive cycles was detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. In this study, 2 905 bp cDNA sequence of the Clock gene of Magang goose was cloned, and its genome sequence was 41 039 bp in length, including 22 exons and 21 introns. Blast analysis showed that the sequence contained all the coding sequences of Clock gene, a total of 2 574 bp, encoding 857 amino acids. Homology analysis of amino acid sequence showed that the Clock gene of goose shared more than 96% homology with other birds clock gene, and was highly conservative among species. The expression level of Clock gene was higher in hypothalamus, pituitary and ovarian tissues during the peak period than that in the restoration period and the broodiness period, and the difference was significant in hypothalamus (P<0.01) and ovarian tissues (P<0.05) , but there was no significant difference in the expression level between the restoration period and the broodiness period (P>0.05) . Clock gene was highly expressed in hypothalamus and ovary during the peak egg laying period, indicating that the gene may be involved in the regulation of goose reproduction rhythm.

To investigate the level of follicular development and the expression of hormone secretion regulatory genes in shan partridge duck at different stages, the morphological changes of follicular wall of different developmental grades were observed, and the expression of CYP19 A1 and 3 beta-HSD was detected. It was found that the number of granular and membranous cells increased during development, density and thickness also increased with cell proliferation. According to the results of the expression of CYP19 A1 and 3 beta-HSD in the follicular membrane and granular layer of laying ducks, CYP19 A1 gene in the granular layer of follicles were mainly expressed at the pre-grade stage, 3 beta-HSD genes were mainly expressed at the grade stage, while CYP19 A1 and 3 beta-HSD genes in the follicular layer were mainly expressed at the grade stage.

To explore the isolation and culture method of duck testis sertoli cells, a total of 40 duck embryos of 24 days old were selected in this experiment. Testis was taken out, and the testis cells were separated by two-step digestion with collagenase IV and trypsin, and then purified by differential adherence and hypotonic treatment. The cells were cultured at 37 ℃, 5% carbon dioxide, and finally high purity sertoli cells were obtained. After staining and identification, rhodamine 123 staining showed that the cells were rich in mitochondria. AKP test showed that 80% of the cells were AKP negative. Acridine orange staining showed that the cytoplasm of cells was rich in RNA. Oil red O staining showed that the cytoplasm of cells contained a large number of fat droplets and bipolar bodies were visible in the nucleus.The results of this experiment showed that high purity sertoli cells could be obtained by combining collagenase IV with trypsin for digestion and purification through differential adherence and hypotonic treatment. Combining rhodamine 123 staining, AKP staining, acridine orange staining and oil red O staining could effectively identify sertoli cells.

The pathogenic bacteria in the foul water from goose farm could affect the production performance of goose, even cause diseases and death. In order to explore the purification methods for foul water from goose farm, Bacillus subtilis and Photosynthetic bacteria were used to know about the purification effects for foul water from goose farms in this study. The evaluation index includes the total number of bacteria, the number of Escherichia coli and Salmonella in foul water treated with B. subtilis and Photosynthetic bacteria. The results showed that B. subtilis and Photosynthetic bacteria can inhibit the proliferation of E. coli and salmonella effectively, more efficiently treated with B. subtilis and Photosynthetic bacteria together. However, the inhibition effect is time restrictive and the most inhibition effect in 7 days after treatment. In conclusion, B. subtilis and Photosynthetic bacteria can be used to treatment with foul water from goose farms to improve the breeding environment.

In order to study the development of muscle fibers at different growth stages of Shitou and Wuzong geese, we collected chest and leg muscles of three Wuzong and Shitou geese at the age of 1, 40 and 120 days, respectively. Paraffin sections of chest and leg muscles were observed under the microscope, and the diameter and cross-sectional area of muscle fibers in both two geese species were measured. By section observation and analysis, we found that at the age of 1 day, the chest muscle fibers were not significantly different between goose species, while the leg muscle fibers were significantly different (P<0.05) in the diameter and cross-sectional area. At the age of 40 days, there was a significant difference in the cross-sectional area of chest muscle fibers between goose species (P<0.05) . However, the diameter of the leg muscle fibers and the diameter and cross-sectional area of the chest muscle fibers were not significantly different (P>0.05) . At the age of 120 days, the difference in the diameter and cross-sectional area of leg and chest muscle fibers were extremely significant between goose species (P<0.01) . These results showed that the muscle fibers of Wuzong geese grew rapidly during the period from 1 to 40 days, but the growth potential of muscle fibers after 40 days was slower compared with Shitou geese.

In the goose house with water curtain cooling system, nine measuring points of 0.6, 1.2 and 1.8 m off the ground at the fan end, the water curtain end and the central gate were selected to measure the effects on temperature, humidity, CO2, dust, number of total bacteria and Escherichia coli to study the influence of water curtain cooling system on the environmental parameters in goose house. The results showed that when the water curtain system opened, the overall temperature of the environment below 30 ℃, the humidity was between 85% and 90%, CO2 was significantly higher than that at closing (P<0.05) , the dust was obviously lower than that when it closed. In different areas, the variation trend of the number of total bacteria and E. Coli in the goose house was similar, both of which showed that when the water curtain was opened, the number of bacteria near the water curtain end was low and significantly lower than that at closing (P<0.05) . At 0.6 and 1.2 m, when the water curtain was closed, the total number of bacteria and E. Coli was higher than when it opened, and the total bacterial count was significantly different at 1.2 m (P<0.05) . The results showed that the water curtain cooling system could effectively control the environmental parameters in the goose house.

The polyculture model embracing poultry-fish farming is a conventional and crucial culture model of tilapia universally. Because of the risk of pathogenic bacteria passing from livestock to fish along the aquaculture and food chains, the model is considered to be harmful to the healthy cultivation of tilapia, but no theoretical basis has been presented. Samples including tilapia gill, goose feces, pond water and bottom sediment from a goose-fish farm were collected five times continuously, and the microflora structure and diversity were detected by high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that an average of 22 phyla with 169 genera, 27 phyla with 176 genera, and 38 phyla with 206 genera, were identified in tilapia gill, goose feces and pond water, respectively. The highest bacterial diversity was found in bottom sediment with 60 phyla with 205 genera (Shannon index 6.64) . At the phylum level, bacteria composition in tilapia gill, bottom sediment and pond water was more stable than that in goose feces, and the dominant bacteria were Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria in turn. At the genus level, no common pathogenic bacteria have been found in both goose feces and tilapia gills. However, it was noteworthy that some pathogenic bacteria such as Acinetobacter, Fusobacterium, Clostridium, and Campylobacter have been identified in goose feces. Several beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Geobacillus, and Bacillus were abundant in tilapia gills, compared with that of pathogenic bacteria, including Pseudomonas and Streptococcus. Most of the identified bacteria in bottom sediment were anaerobes, such as Dechloromonas, Anaeromyxobacter, and Geobacter which mainly participates in bioremediation. The β-diversity analysis also revealed the bacterial compositions had less similarity between different sources of samples. Above all, the bacterial composition of samples from different sources in the polyculture model differs greatly at the genus level. No direct proof supports the pathogenic bacteria were transported from goose to tilapia.

Recently, diseases seriously outbreak in Penaeus vannamei of artificial breeding. In this study, the infected Penaeus vannamei were collected from one aquaculture farm and the pathogen was isolated from hepatopancreas. The isolated pathogen was identified via morphological observation, physiological and biochemical characters and 16 S rDNA sequence analysis. The results showed that, the isolated bacterium was identified as Vibrio cholera. The regression experiment also demonstrated it was the pathogen which caused the death of the shrimp. The drug sensitive test of 32 antibiotics was detected using K-B way, the results showed that V. cholerae was highly sensitive to 10 antibiotics including florfenicol, chloramphenicol, rifampicin, norfloxacin, etc; intermediate sensitive to 7 antibiotics including cefuroxime, ceftriaxone, etc; resistant to 15 antibiotics including carboxy ampicillin, penicillin, etc. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 5 selected antibiotics was also detected using tube double dilution method, norfloxacin showed the best inhibiting effect and the value was less than 0.244 1 μg/mL.

Apparent digestibilities of 8 feedstuffs for Octopus vulgaris and Sepia pharaonis were determined in vitro. The results showed, the apparent digestibilities of animal feedstuffs were relatively higher, dray matter 65.28%～85.65%, crude protein 64.99%～90.10%, then followed by those of plant feedstuffs, dry matter 40.07%～60.02%, crude protein 57.75%～67.56%, while that of DDGS was the lowest, dry matter 25.24%～26.25%, crude protein 34.74～52.90%. The digestibilities of most feedstuffs for Octopus vulgaris were higher than those for Sepia pharaonis to different degrees. The results may provide references in feedstuff choosing for Octopus vulgaris and Sepia pharaonis.

The sclerostin (SOST) is a factor that is specifically secreted by bone cells for negative regulation of bone formation. In order to explore the regulatory function of the gene SOST during the intermuscular thorn formation of Carassius auratus, we cloned the gene and constructed the prokaryotic expression vector pET-32 a (+) -SOST successfully. Then the recombinant plasmids were transferred into E.coli BL21 (DE3) and induced by IPTG to count the protein expression. Meanwhile, using the SOST gene without the endogenous signal peptide, we check the protein expression again. It is respectably reflected that the length of the gene is about 636 bp and its protein weight is 38 kDa. Additionally, the induction of time did have an influence on the protein expression. After the SDS-PAGE, we found that the exist of endogenous signal peptide strong inhibits to protein prokaryotic expression. What's more, the concentration of IPTG has little effect on it while the protein expression became stable after 4 h induction in the time gradient. This experiment can provides more theoretical evidence for further analysis about SOST gene on the Carassius auratus intermuscular thorns formation mechanism.

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) could improve the data rate and bit error rate (BER) between the nodes of waterfowl monitoring network effectively. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with index modulation (OFDM-IM) was a recently proposed multicarrier transmission technology in wireless communication, which could combat the interference of the frequency selective fading caused by multipath propagation effectively and achieve better spectral efficiency and BER. By combining MIMO and OFDM-IM technologies, MIMO-OFDM-IM could improve the data rate and BER performance between the nodes of the waterfowl monitoring network effectively. An improved tree search based low-complexity Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) detector was proposed for MIMO-OFDM-IM, which drew samples in subcarrier-wise for each subcarrier and could reduce the computational complexity considerably. The simulation results showed that the proposed SMC detector achieved near-optimal BER performance with linearly computational complexity.